The fruits of the earth should doubtless serve as nourishment for living beings， but if you would satisfy your need as fully as Nature needs， you need not the abundance of Fortune.Nature is content with very little， and if you seek to thrust upon her more than is enough， then what you cast in will become either unpleasing or even harmful 'Again， you think that you appear beautiful in many kinds of clothing.But if their form is pleasant to the eyes， I would admire the nature of the material or the skill of the maker.Or are you made happy by a long line of attendants？ Surely if they are vicious， they are but.a burden to the house， and full of injury to their master himself； while if they are honest， how can the honesty of others be counted among your possessions？
'Out of all these possessions， then， which you reckon as your wealth， not one can really be shown to be your own.For if they have no beauty for you to acquire， what have they for which you should grieve if you lose them， or in keeping which you should rejoice？ And if Page 42they are beautiful by their own nature， how are you the richer thereby？
For these would have been pleasing of themselves， though cut out from your possessions.They do not become valuable by reason that they have come into your wealth； but you have desired to count them among your wealth， because they seemed valuable.Why then do you long for them with such railing against Fortune？ You seek， I believe， to put want to flight by means of plenty.But you find that the opposite results.The more various is the beauty of furniture， the more helps are needed to keep it beautiful；and it is ever true that they who have much， need much； and on the other hand， they need least who measure their wealth by the needs of nature， not by excess of display.
Is there then no good which belongs to you and is implanted within you， that you seek your good things elsewhere， in things without you and separate from you？ Have things taken such a turn that the animal， whose reason gives it a claim to divinity， cannot seem beautiful to itself except by the possession of.lifeless trappings？ Other classes of things are satisfied by their intrinsic possessions； but men， though made like God in understanding， seek to find among the lowest things adornment for their higher nature： and you do not understand that you do a great wrong thereby to your Creator.He intended that the human race should be above all other earthly beings； yet you thrust down your honourable place below the lowest.Page 43For if every good thing is allowed to be more valuable than that to which it belongs， surely you are putting yourselves lower than them in your estimation， since you think precious the most worthless of things； and this is indeed a just result.Since， then， this is the condition of human nature， that it surpasses other classes only when it realises what is in itself； as soon as it ceases to know itself， it must be reduced to a lower rank than the beasts.To other animals ignorance of themselves is natural； in men it is a fault.How plainly and how widely do you err by thinking that anything can be adorned by ornaments that belong to others！
Surely that cannot be.For if anything becomes brilliant by additions thereto， the praise for the brilliance belongs to the additions.But the subject remains in its own vileness， though hidden and covered by these externals.
'Again， I say that naught can be a good thing which does harm to its possessor.Am I wrong？ "No，" you will say.Yet many a time do riches harm their possessors， since all base men， who are therefore the most covetous， think that they themselves alone are worthy to possess all gold and precious stones.You therefore， who now go in fear of the cudgel and sword of the robber， could laugh in his face if you had entered upon this path with empty pockets.l How wonderful is the 43：1 -- This is an application of Juvenal's lines (Sat.x.19)which contrast the terror of the money-laden traveller Page 44surpassing blessing of mortal wealth！ As soon as you have acquired it， your cares begin！
'O happy was that early age of men， contented with their trusted and unfailing fields， nor ruined by the wealth that enervates.
Easily was the acorn got that used to satisfy their longwhile fast.They knew not Bacchus' gifts， nor honey mixed therewith.They knew not how to tinge with Tyre's purple dyes the sheen of China's silks.Their sleep kept health on rush and grass； the stream gave them to drink as it flowed by：
the lofty pine to them gave shade.Not one of them yet clave the ocean's depths， nor， carrying stores of merchandise， had visited new shores.Then was not heard the battle's trump， nor had blood made red with bitter hate the bristling swords of war.For why should any madness urge to take up first their arms upon an enemy such ones as knew no sight of cruel wounds nor knew rewards that could be reaped in blood？ Would that our times could but return to those old ways！ but love of gain and greed of holding burn more fiercely far than &；扙tna's fires.Ah！ who was the wretch who first unearthed the mass of hidden gold， the gems that only longed to lie unfound？
For full of danger was the prize he found.
