One way to conserve water is to circulate water used for industrial purposes over and over.When water is used for cooling the machinery in a large factory， it is ordinarily used only once， and then allowed to run into a common sewer (暗沟)with all the waste material from the factory. However， if recirculation of water is not considered when the plant is being built， it is often very expensive to install such a system at a later time.
Another way to conserve water is to use treated and untreated sewage for irrigation of crops. One problem here is that the flow of ewer water comes all year around， regardless of how wet the ground may be already because of natural precipitation (降雨量).Another problem is that the distance between the points of production of sewage and its potential use is often too great. Storage in and release from ponds and lakes distribute the flow， but the supply remains uneven. Another way to solve the problem of water scarcity is to learn to make use of the most abundant supply of water we have-the sea. If we could learn to get potable water from sea water ， we would be sure of never having a water shortage. In fact， there are a number of ways in which this has been done.
5 )The water used for industrial purposes.
A. can be reused without being treated
B. can’t be used any longer
C. can be reused as irrigating water
D. become waste after use
6 )According to the author， sewage.
A. can provide water to remote place easily
B. may be unnecessary in wet weather
C. can keep the water supply in balance
D. must be treated when it is used for irrigation
7 )Which of the following is not true？
A. Sewage can be used either for irrigation or for industry.
B. A sewer must be taken into consideration when a plant is built.
C. Water stored in ponds and lakes is not enough for use
D. The solution to water scarcity may lies on conservation.
Passage 3
Walt Whitman is often called the poet of American democracy.
He lived during the American Civil War， and he admired President Abraham Lincoln very much. Whitman was the first American poet who wrote about true equality among all people. In a poem called Song of Myself he compared himself to all other people， and he found no difference. He wrote： “.every atom belonging to me. belongs to you. "
In the same poem Whitman spoke up for women. He wrote：
“The Female equally with Male I sing. "
He also wrote：
“ In the faces of men and women I see God. " and“A great city is that which has the greatest men and women. "
Whitman understood war and the results of war. He worked in a hospital， taking care of wounded men. In a description of northern soldiers who had returned from prisons in the south he wrote：“The sight is worse than any sight of battlefields or any collection of wounded， e- ven the bloodiest. " In Whitman’s words：“The real war will never get in the books. "
Whitman was the first important American poet to write about ordinary people， using ordinary language.
8 )Before Whitman， most American poets tended to write about.
A. the Civil War
B. democracy poet
C. *******
D. the upper-class life
9 )The quotations from line 8 to line 15 show Whitman ’s idea about .
A. atoms B. equality C. God D. city
10)In the second paragraph， Whitman pointed out that.
A. the real war was very cruel
B. the sight of battlefields wasn’t really bad
C. there is no need for war
D. a poet shouldn’t describe war
6.完形填空。
The sun is of course necessary for life on earth. From it we get light and warmth. It gives energy for 1 )to grow and it helps to make people and animals healthy and 2 )We all know how awful we feel on a cold， dark day. The fact 3)the earth turns round and round causes the division of day and night. All living things depend on the 4)of light and dark： our lives are controlled by it. It decides 5 )us when we should sleep and when we should be active. In the north of Norway， in summer ， there is continuous 6)and this is very strange for people who are not 7)to it. It is surprisingly difficult to go to bed when it is day and people often cannot sleep. 8)very small animals， which we cannot see， behave differently in the sun light. There is one called euglena which lives is lakes. It becomes 9)when the sun rises and moves about to find a position in the sun. Some plants behave in the same 10).They open their flowers in the day and close up at sunset even when kept all the time in a dark cupboard.
1 )A. trees B. plants C. crops D. things
2 )A. hot B. safe C. happy D. damaged
3 )A. which B. that C. why D. when
4 )A. coming B. leaving C. controlling D. changing
5 )A. for B. of C. upon D. to
6 )A. day B. night C. rain D. sun
7 )A. related B. suited C. known D. used
8 )A. So B. Then C. Even D. Seldom
9 )A. active B. lazy C. brave D. wise
10)A. method B. direction C. aspect D. way
7.将下面短文译成汉语。
The world’s population continues to grow. There now are about 4 billion of us on earth. That could reach 6 billion by the end of the century and 11 billion in a further 75 years. Experts have long been concerned about such a growth. Where will we find the food， water， jobs， houses， schools and health care for all these people？A major new study shows that the situation may be changing. A large and rapid drop in the world’s birth rate has taken place during the past 10 years. Families generally are smaller now than they were a few years ago. It is happening in both developing and industrial nations.Researchers said they found a number of reasons for this. More men and women are waiting longer to get married and are using birth control devices and methods to prevent or delay pregnancy. More women are going to school or working at jobs away from home instead of having children. And more governments， especially in developing nations， now support family planning programs to reduce population growth.
8.将下面的句子译成英语
1 )人们总在抱怨不断上涨的物价。
2 )他被认为是我们当中跑得最快的人。
3 )我们常把学校看成是一个小社会。
4 )他是一名教师， 而她的哥哥是一名工程师。
5 )我宁愿今天去， 不愿明天去。
