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第2章 THE SLAVERY OF OUR TIMES

"Ye have heard that it was said, An Eye for an Eye, and a Tooth for a Tooth" (Matt.v.38; Ex.xxi.24).

"But I say unto you, Resist not him that is evil; but whosoever smiteth thee on thy right cheek, turn to him the other also" (Matt.v.39)."And if any man would go to law with thee, and take away thy coat, let him have thy cloak also" (Matt.v.40)."Give to every one that asketh thee; and of him that taketh away thy goods ask them not again" (Luke vi.30)."And as ye would that men should do to you, do ye also to them likewise" (Luke vi.31).

"And all that believed were together, and had all things common" (Acts ii.44)." "And Jesus said, When it is evening, ye say, it will be fair weather, for the heaven is red" (Matt.xvi.2)."And in the morning, It will be foul weather to-day: for the heaven is red and lowering.Ye hypocrites, ye know how to discern the face of the heaven; but ye cannot discern the signs of the times"(Matt.xvi.3).

"The system on which all the nations of the world are acting is founded in gross deception, in the deepest ignorance, or a mixture of both; so that under no possi-ble modification of the principles on which it is based can it ever produce good to man; on the contrary, its practical results must ever be to produce evil continually."-Robert Owen.

"We have much studied and much perfected of late the great civilised invention of the division of labor, only we give it a false name.It is not, truly speaking, the labor that is divided, but the men-divided into mere segments of men, broken into small fragments and crumbs of life;so that all the little piece of intelligence that is left in a man is not enough to make a pin or a nail, but exhausts itself in making the point of a pin or the head of a nail.

Now, it is a good and desirable thing, truly, to make many pins a day; but if we could only see with what crystal sand their points were polished-sand of human souls-we should think there might be some loss in it also.

"Men may be beaten, chained, tormented, yoked like cattle, slaughtered like summer flies, and yet remain in one sense, and the best sense, free.But to smother their souls within them, to blight and hew into rotting pollards the suckling branches of their human intelligence, to make the flesh and skin...into leathern thongs to yoke machinery with-this is to be slave-masters indeed..

It is verily this degradation of the operative into a machine which is leading the mass of the nations into vain, incoherent, destructive struggling for a freedom of which they cannot explain the nature to themselves.Their universal outcry against wealth and against nobility is not forced from them either by the pressure of famine or the sting of mortified pride.These do much and have done much in all ages; but the foundations of society were never yet shaken as they are at this day.

"It is not that men are ill-fed, but that they have no pleasure in the work by which they make their bread, and, therefore, look to wealth as the only means of pleasure.

"It is not that men are pained by the scorn of the upper classes, but they cannot endure their own; for they feel that the kind of labor to which they are condemned is verily a degrading one, and makes them less than men.

Never had the upper classes so much sympathy with the lower, or charity for them, as they have at this day, and yet never were they so much hated by them."-From "The Stones of Venice," by John Ruskin, Vol.II, Chap.

VI., Ё 13-16.

The Slavery of Our Times -- Ch 13 -- Leo TolstoyFrom The Slavery of Our Times by Leo Tolstoy

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